|
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
|
0.020 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In contrast to melanomas in the general population, the frequency of BRAF mutations (11%, 7/61), NRAS mutations (21%, 13/62), and KIT mutations (21%, 6/28) in XP melanomas was lower than for PTEN.
|
24483290 |
2014 |
|
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
|
0.020 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Mutations in Ha-ras, Ki-ras, and N-ras genes in squamous and basal cell carcinomas in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) were examined by the polymerase chain reaction followed by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct base sequencing.
|
7916998 |
1994 |
|
Wide spaced nipples
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
HPO |
|
|
|
|
Verrucous epidermal nevus
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
CTD_human |
|
|
|
|
Uveal melanoma
|
0.020 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Mutation of NRAS exon 2 was rare in CM [1 (3.7%) of 27] and absent in UM [0 (0%) of 47].
|
14522897 |
2003 |
|
Uveal melanoma
|
0.020 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The presence of NRAS or BRAF mutations in a mutually exclusive pattern in roughly half (47%) of conjunctival melanomas and the pattern of CNAs argue for conjunctival melanoma being closely related to cutaneous and mucosal melanoma but entirely distinct from uveal melanoma.
|
23633454 |
2013 |
|
Uterine Polyp
|
0.010 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Laser‑capture microdissection in NRAS‑mutated endometrial polyps revealed that both stromal and glandular components harbored RAS mutations.
|
31638232 |
2019 |
|
Undifferentiated leukemia
|
0.010 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Analysis of the gene-expression patterns of leukemic subpopulations revealed that the NRAS(G12V)-mediated leukemia self-renewal signature is preferentially expressed in the leukemia stem cell-enriched subpopulation.
|
25316678 |
2014 |
|
Undifferentiated carcinoma
|
0.010 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
No RAS alteration was detected in the group of 11 medullary thyroid carcinomas, while 3 of 31 (10.0%) papillary carcinomas, 2 of 5 (40%) follicular carcinomas, 8 of 44 (18.2%) poorly differentiated carcinomas, and 3 of 5 (60%) undifferentiated carcinomas showed an activation of N-RAS proto-oncogene.
|
10691309 |
2000 |
|
Turner Syndrome, Male
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
CTD_human |
A restricted spectrum of NRAS mutations causes Noonan syndrome.
|
19966803 |
2010 |
|
tumor vasculature
|
0.010 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Overall, our results provide a functional link between oncogenic NRAS and angiogenesis, and imply that tumor vasculature could be indirectly altered by targeting a genetic lesion on which cancer cells are dependent.
|
28469956 |
2017 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Each example of an activated ras gene showed a mutation at the 61st codon of the protein, with the exception of one melanoma which showed a mutation at codon 13 of the N-ras gene; (2) all the melanomas displaying an activated ras gene had a similar cell surface phenotype and appear to come from a similar phase of differentiation; (3) 5-6% of noncultured primary and metastatic melanomas have mutated ras genes; (4) no ras gene mutations were found in any precursor lesion, specifically normal nevi and dysplastic nevi; (5) immunoperoxidase analysis of paraffin-embedded specimens indicated no quantitative or qualitative alterations in p21 expression that correlate with tumor progression; (6) there were no observable differences in p21 expression between melanoma cells growing exponentially or in plateau phase, or between melanoma cells with or without ras mutations; nor were any cell kinetic differences found between cells with and without mutated ras genes.
|
2682463 |
1989 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Differential effects of oncogenic K-Ras and N-Ras on proliferation, differentiation and tumor progression in the colon.
|
18372904 |
2008 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Previously, we analyzed a large series of paired primary and metastatic melanomas for NRAS codon 61 mutations and showed that they arise early and are preserved during tumor progression.
|
14695152 |
2003 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Although 70% of cutaneous melanomas harbor activating mutations in the BRAF and NRAS genes, the alterations that drive tumor progression in the remaining 30% are largely undefined.
|
24576830 |
2014 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
RAF proteins exert both specific and compensatory functions during tumour progression of NRAS-driven melanoma.
|
28497782 |
2017 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Mutations in EGFR, ERBB2, NRAS, and BRAF are early clonal genomic events during carcinogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma, whereas TP53 and cell mobility, gap junction, and metastasis-related genes may be late events associated with subclonal diversification and neoplastic progression.
|
31446140 |
2019 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
In vitro and in vivo functional studies revealed that RASAL2 promoted tumor progression in both KRAS/NRAS mutant and wild-type CRC cells.
|
30037330 |
2018 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Somatic mutations of BRAF and NRAS oncogenes are thought to be among the first steps in melanoma initiation, but these mutations alone are insufficient to cause tumor progression.
|
22456166 |
2012 |
|
Tumor Progression
|
0.090 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
These concerns notwithstanding our findings support the hypothesis that NRAS and BRAF mutations increase with tumor progression from superficial to invasive disease.
|
19037234 |
2009 |
|
Tumor Cell Invasion
|
0.080 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
NRAS was elevated in RB tissues and cell lines, knockdown of NRAS could inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion but induced apoptosis in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo.
|
31827328 |
2019 |
|
Tumor Cell Invasion
|
0.080 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Multiregional analysis based on different histologic features demonstrated that coexisting KRAS and NRAS mutations may be present in the same or different tumor populations and showed that invasion of adenomas by synchronous adenocarcinomas of different clonal origin may result in detection of coexisting mutations within the MAPK pathway.
|
30481508 |
2019 |
|
Tumor Cell Invasion
|
0.080 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
In an attempt to determine the sequence requirement directing the divergent phenotype induced by H-Ras and N-Ras with a focus on the induction of human breast cell invasion, we investigated the structural and functional relationships between H-Ras and N-Ras using domain-swap and site-directed mutagenesis approaches.
|
21403836 |
2011 |
|
Tumor Cell Invasion
|
0.080 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
NRAS-mutation(+) CRC preferentially occurred in elder patients (P = 0.02) and at the distal colon (P = 0.006), showed significantly less lymph vessel invasion (P = 0.002), and correlated with LME (P = 8 × 10<sup>-5</sup> ).
|
28378457 |
2017 |
|
Tumor Cell Invasion
|
0.080 |
AlteredExpression
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
To this end, viability assay, cell cycle analysis, expression of NRAS and BRAF, as well as migration and invasion assay were performed with different melanoma cell lines.
|
25469513 |
2015 |